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doctor of medicine
Doctor of Medicine (MD or DM), or in (ラテン語:Medicinae Doctor), meaning "Teacher of Medicine", is a terminal degree for physicians and surgeons. In countries that follow the tradition of the United States, it is a first professional graduate degree awarded upon graduation from medical school. In countries that follow the tradition of the United Kingdom, the title of the equivalent medical degree is instead styled as Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery. In those countries, the MD may either be: (1) a research doctorate, akin to the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD); (2) an advanced clinical coursework degree, akin to the Master of Surgery; or (3) an honorary or higher doctorate reserved for medical graduates.
==History of the medical degree==
According to Sir John Bagot Glubb, Syed Faride and S. M. Imamuddin, the first medical schools to issue academic degrees and diplomas were the teaching Bimaristan (Hospitals) of the medieval Islamic world. The first of these institutions was opened in Baghdad during the time of Harun al-Rashid. They then appeared in Egypt from 872 and then in Islamic Spain, Persia and the Maghreb thereafter. Physicians and surgeons at these hospital-universities gave lectures on Medicine to medical students and then a medical diploma or degree was issued to students who were qualified to be practicing physicians.
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